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的,認為性惡說為天台思想之核心。而此皆可說铡饬恕妇壛恕剐缘律
惡所致,或言以「性具」為天台思想所導致的結果。皆是於「性具」、
「性惡」之「性」理解偏差所造成的。
若依據佐藤哲英文獻考查之判斷《觀音玄義》非智者大師之著作,
那麼更不當視性惡說為天台思想之核心,也許是灌頂法師於天台思想把
握上有所偏離所致。若如此,《觀音玄義》「性惡說」之論眨嘀档
吾人深入反省檢討。而主張由「性具」推演出「性惡說」的觀點,亦值
得吾人進一步深思。
(本文摘錄自拙著《天台緣起中道實相論》一書第八章)
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(裕А28) 如牟宗三對「性德」之解釋,其云:「性德者,『法性無住,
法性即無明』(轉語為一念無明法性心) 所本具之一切法也。
一切法為法性無住所本具,即名曰「性德」,法性之德也。德
者,得也。具足本有之謂德。既言性具百界( 三千世間 ),則
可言性德惡與性德善」(《佛性與般若》,頁869)。由此我們
可以看出牟宗三對「性」之界定,且由「性具」觀念來說明性
德惡、性德善之可能,因為性具百界,理應有性德惡、性德善
。即「性」本身具如一切法。
(裕А29) 詳細請參第一節裕А1。而有關論證部份可參拙著《天台緣起中
道實相論》第十章。
(裕А30) 參裕А1有關佐藤哲英之部份及裕А5。
(裕А31) 同上 。
190 頁
A Study of the Vice Problem in The Significance of
Kuangyin Sutra
Chen Ying…shan
Assorciate Researcher;Chung…Hwa Insitute of Buddhist
Studies
Summary
Of late years; some scholars of the Tien…tai
school have regarded the idea of vice as one of the
characteristics of the school。 In The Significance
of Kuangyin ‘sutra‘ the idea of vice is clearly
stated; and quite a few words are written to explain
it。 Therefore; based on this fact some scholars
speak and write in support of the theory that the
Tien…tai school is characteristic of the idea of
vice。 In fact; they do not understand what the idea
of vice really means; arbitrarily considering the
vice to be the central idea of the Tien…tai school。
And there are still some others who are confident
that the vice is born by nature。
However; in accordance with the studies by the
author; the idea of vice in The Significance of
Kuangyin ‘Sutra‘ es from the idea of environing
cause and revealing cause。 It is a special way for
all the flesh of gradual attainment of the Tien…tai
five divisions; leading the flesh to the
Buddha…nature of non…environment and non…causation。
This is the very purpose of virtue and vice;
different from what recent scholars understand。 For
instance; recent scholars try to understand the
virtue and vice of developing cause in。 The
Significance of Kuangyin ‘Sutra‘; through the
originality of all dharmas。 Thus; the idea of vice
bees the inevitability of nature…possession。。。
nature itself is possessed of
all dharmas and inevitably is inclusive of vice。
Those who are of this opinion believe that the
Tien…tai thought is of nature…possession; and must
lead to the idea of vice; which forms one of its
features。 If we look at such a problem from the
standpoints of conditional causation; the mean; and
realitythe teachings of the Tien…tai school; we
are easy to find that the nature…possession and the
idea of vice are contradictory to each other。
Yet; in The Significance of Kuangyin ‘Sutra‘
some ideas are stated not so well
191頁
that they raise some difficulities to the theory
of reality。
In order to solve the problems mentioned
above; the following chapters intend to make a study
of the structure and system of The Significance of
Kuangyin ‘Sutra‘; then to have an understanding of
the virtue and vice in developing cause; and finally
to take a look at the vice problem through the
Tien…tai conditional causation; the mean; and
reality。