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rally derive benefit；…isnot this being beneficent without great expenditure？ when he chooses the laborswhich are proper； and makes them labor on them； who will repine？ when hisdesires are set on benevolent government； and he secures it； who will accuse himof covetousness？ whether he has to do with many people or few； or with thingsgreat or small； he does not dare to indicate any disrespect；…is not this tomaintain a dignified ease without any pride？ he adjusts his clothes and cap； andthrows a dignity into his looks； so that； thus dignified； he is looked at withawe；…is not this to be majestic without being fierce？〃
tsze…chang then asked； 〃what are meant by the four bad things？〃 the mastersaid； 〃to put the people to death without having instructed them；…this is calledcruelty。 to require from them； suddenly； the full tale of work； without havinggiven them warning；…this is called oppression。 to issue orders as if withouturgency； at first； and； when the time es； to insist on them with severity；…this is called injury。 and； generally； in the giving pay or rewards to men； todo it in a stingy way；…this is called acting the part of a mere official。〃
the master said； 〃without recognizing the ordinances of heaven； it isimpossible to be a superior man。
〃without an acquaintance with the rules of propriety； it is impossible forthe character to be established。
〃without knowing the force of words； it is impossible to know men。〃
（The End）