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metaphysical juggling）； but as a critique of understanding and
reason in regard to their hyperphysical use。 This critique will expose
the groundless nature of the pretensions of these two faculties； and
invalidate their claims to the discovery and enlargement of our
cognitions merely by means of transcendental principles； and show that
the proper employment of these faculties is to test the judgements
made by the pure understanding； and to guard it from sophistical
delusion。
Transcendental Logic。 FIRST DIVISION。
TRANSCENDENTAL ANALYTIC。
SS I。
Transcendental analytic is the dissection of the whole of our a
priori knowledge into the elements of the pure cognition of the
understanding。 In order to effect our purpose； it is necessary： （1）
That the conceptions be pure and not empirical； （2） That they belong
not to intuition and sensibility； but to thought and understanding；
（3） That they be elementary conceptions； and as such； quite
different from deduced or pound conceptions； （4） That our table
of these elementary conceptions be plete； and fill up the whole
sphere of the pure understanding。 Now this pleteness of a science
cannot be accepted with confidence on the guarantee of a mere estimate
of its existence in an aggregate formed only by means of repeated
experiments and attempts。 The pleteness which we require is
possible only by means of an idea of the totality of the a priori
cognition of the understanding； and through the thereby determined
division of the conceptions which form the said whole； consequently；
only by means of their connection in a system。 Pure understanding
distinguishes itself not merely from everything empirical； but also
pletely from all sensibility。 It is a unity self…subsistent；
self…sufficient； and not to be enlarged by any additions from without。
Hence the sum of its cognition constitutes a system to be determined
by and prised under an idea； and the pleteness and
articulation of this system can at the same time serve as a test of
the correctness and genuineness of all the parts of cognition that
belong to it。 The whole of this part of transcendental logic
consists of two books； of which the one contains the conceptions；
and the other the principles of pure understanding。
BOOK I。
Analytic of Conceptions。 SS 2
By the term Analytic of Conceptions； I do not understand the
analysis of these； or the usual process in philosophical
investigations of dissecting the conceptions which present themselves；
according to their content； and so making them clear； but I mean the
hitherto little attempted dissection of the faculty of understanding
itself； in order to investigate the possibility of conceptions a
priori； by looking for them in the understanding alone； as their
birthplace； and analysing the pure use of this faculty。 For this is
the proper duty of a transcendental philosophy； what remains is the
logical treatment of the conceptions in philosophy in general。 We
shall therefore follow up the pure conceptions even to their germs and
beginnings in the human understanding； in which they lie； until they
are developed on occasions presented by experience； and； freed by
the same understanding from the empirical conditions attaching to
them； are set forth in their unalloyed purity。
CHAPTER I。 Of the Transcendental Clue to the Discovery of all Pure
Conceptions of the Understanding。
Introductory。 SS 3
When we call into play a faculty of cognition； different conceptions
manifest themselves according to the different circumstances； and make
known this faculty； and assemble themselves into a more or less
extensive collection； according to the time or penetration that has
been applied to the consideration of them。 Where this process；
conducted as it is mechanically； so to speak； will end； cannot be
determined with certainty。 Besides； the conceptions which we
discover in this haphazard manner present themselves by no means in
order and systematic unity； but are at last coupled together only
according to resemblances to each other； and arranged in series；
according to the quantity of their content； from the simpler to the
more plex… series which are anything but systematic； though not
altogether without a certain kind of method in their construction。
Transcendental philosophy has the advantage； and moreover the
duty； of searching for its conceptions according to a principle；
because these conceptions spring pure and unmixed out of the
understanding as an absolute unity； and therefore must be connected
with each other according to one conception or idea。 A connection of
this kind； however； furnishes us with a ready prepared rule； by
which its proper place may be assigned to every pure conception of the
understanding； and the pleteness of the system of all be determined
a priori… both which would otherwise have been dependent on mere
choice or chance。
SECTION 1。 Of defined above Use of understanding in General。 SS 4
The understanding was defined above only negatively； as a
non…sensuous faculty of cognition。 Now； independently of
sensibility； we cannot possibly have any intuition； consequently；
the understanding is no faculty of intuition。 But besides intuition
there is no other mode of cognition； except through conceptions；
consequently； the cognition of every； at least of every human；
understanding is a cognition through conceptions… not intuitive； but
discursive。 All intuitions； as sensuous； depend on affections；
conceptions； therefore； upon functions。 By the word function I
understand the unity of the act of arranging diverse representations
under one mon representation。 Conceptions； then； are based on the
spontaneity of thought； as sensuous intuitions are on the
receptivity of impressions。 Now； the understanding cannot make any
other use of these conceptions than to judge by means of them。 As no
representation； except an intuition； relates immediately to its
object； a conception never relates immediately to an object； but
only to some other representation thereof