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…or even a pure immersion （〃sink or swim〃） approach。 However； all these teachers share a mon mitment： to help students function well in English。
无论英语是否是美国的「官方语言」，它仍是「广泛沟通的语言」。在美国，几乎每个人都了解，若想要出人头地，必须精通英语。为满足那些想精进英语能力的人的需要，教导英语为第二语言的机构（ESL）到处都是。拥有大批新进移民的一些大都市，都设有双语教学课程，在移民们加强英语能力的同时，用移民们的母语教授普通科目。语言教育学家对何种方法才能帮助学生更有效地学习英语……利用双语教学、ESL教学、或让学生完全浸入一个英语的环境（认输或强学……），都拥有强烈并分歧的看法。但这些教师都拥有共同使命：帮助学生流利地使用英语。
Americans recognize that English is the de facto international language； and people with good English skills can get by in many international settings。 On the other hand； in a world growing increasingly smaller； second language skills can be a great boon。 They can build cross…cultural bridges and give people an edge in a variety of career fields。 Indeed； lack of foreign language proficiency can limit one's chances for advancement…and keep one in a cultural cul…de…sac。 As many people in America are discovering； being monolingual is no laughing matter。
美国人了解，英语就是一个实际的国际语言，若能操流利的英语，在许多国际场合都能派得上用场。另一方面当国际间的距离越变越小时，拥有第二外语能力极为有利。外语能力可以建立文化交流的桥梁，并且使人们在不同的专业领域里，占得优势。的确，缺乏外语能力不仅限制个人的擢升，并且把个人限制在文化的死胡同内。很多美国人都逐渐发现，只会一种语言，不再是一件好事了。
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Education 美式教育
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｜ ｜ 8月8日
On the first day of school； Johnny had a hard time getting out of bed。 〃Johnny； get up！ You're going to be late for school！〃 warned his mother。 〃Aw； Mom； do I have to go to school？〃 Johnny plained。 〃Yes； son； summer is over； and the new school year is starting。 You must go to school。 And besides；〃 reasoned Johnny's mother； 〃you're the teacher！〃
This old American joke does have a ring of truth to it。 American teachers and students alike enjoy their summer vacation。 But don't let the humor fool you： Education is a major part of American culture。 Schools do more than just fill students' heads with knowledge。 They pass on culture； traditions and values。
American children start their education in elementary school。 Most youngsters enter first grade at around six years of age。 Children can prepare for this step by attending preschool and kindergarten from ages three to five。 Young learners finish elementary school in fifth or sixth grade。 From there； students go on to junior high school until eighth or ninth grade。 Americans plete their required education in high school。 They graduate and receive a diploma after twelfth grade。
Beyond high school； Americans have many chances for further education。 In contrast to other countries； the U。S。 has no national college entrance exam。 Instead； private panies give exams to students。 Universities decide which tests students must take。 In addition to test scores； university officials also consider applicants' high school grades and other activities。 Universities give scholarships and financial aid to help many who cannot afford the high tuition costs。 Students with less academic goals may enroll in vocational schools or munity colleges。
The American style of education； pared to that of other countries； is quite informal。 In fact； the casual class atmosphere often amazes international students。 American teachers encourage students to think for themselves。 Instead of grading students only on test scores； teachers evaluate papers； group projects and class participation； as well。 Students often have to think creatively to solve problems…not just memorize facts。 Students also learn how to do research by using resource materials to find their own answers。 In this way； classrooms illustrate the American emphasis on individual responsibility。
Freedom of choice is another American value not absent from school life。 In addition to their required courses； high school and college students may choose elective courses。 These electives allow students to study subjects that interest them。 The menu of choices might include typing； band and home economics； as well as special academic classes。 Other activities occupy students' time after school hours。 Most schools have sports teams； clubs and publications that give students valuable experience。
The American system of education is far from perfect。 Teachers in America fight to control cheating and plagiarism。 Drugs； violence； sex and peer pressure interfere with students' education。 Test scores are declining。 In light of these issues； American teachers have an important and challenging job。 They must instill cultural and moral values； as well as knowledge；